Oral Facial Myofunctional Disorders

What is an Oral Facial Myofunctional Disorder?

Oral facial myofunctional disorders (OMD) describe abnormal function of the oral and facial muscles. OMD also usually involves a combination of a tongue thrust swallow and abnormal lip and tongue resting positions. The basic problem is excessive pressure. Just as the orthodontist can move teeth by applying controlled force with wires and bands, the abnormal pressures of OMD can adversely influence the formation of the bony oral structures and/or position of teeth.

The excessive pressure caused by OMD may contribute to the development of speech problems and may make dental malocclusion worse.

Significant factors in development of OMD

  • Prolonged thumb sucking
  • Prolonged pacifier sucking
  • Chronic upper respiratory disorders
  • Enlarged tonsils
  • Short lingual frenulum
  • Large tongue

Oral Facial Myofunctional Therapy?

Therapy involves an individualized regimen of therapeutic oral and facial muscle exercise to develop a correct swallowing pattern and appropriate tongue and lip resting postures.